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INTRO:
Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer
Reed (Ioan Gruffudd), Susan (Jessica Alba), Johnny (Chris Evans)
and Ben (Michael Chiklis) face an intergalactic messenger who
has arrived to prepare Earth for its destruction. While the enigmatic
being wreaks havoc around the world, the heroic quartet must
also contend with the unexpected return of their enemy, Victor
Von Doom.
The
Fantastic Four meet their greatest challenge yet in FANTASTIC
FOUR: RISE OF THE SILVER SURFER, as the enigmatic, intergalactic
herald, The Silver Surfer, comes to Earth to prepare it for
destruction. As he races around the globe wreaking havoc, Reed,
Sue, Johnny and Ben must unravel the mystery before all hope
is lost.
FANTASTIC FOUR: RISE OF THE SILVER SURFER is the second
installment of the live-action film series based on what fans
around the globe know as "The World's Greatest Comic Magazine. "Fantastic
Four" directed by Tim Story and released in the summer of
2005, had a worldwide theatrical gross of $330 million and became
one of Twentieth Century Fox's most successful DVD titles ever.
For
FANTASTIC FOUR: RISE OF THE SILVER SURFER, an intriguing element
is added to the cast of characters of the 2005 hit -- the Silver
Surfer. Academy Award® winning visual effects
house Weta Digital ("The Lord of the Rings," "King
Kong"), working with the film's visual effects supervisor
Scott Squires (a three-time Oscar® nominee whose credits
include "Star Wars Episode 1 -- The Phantom Menace"),
created the ultimate computer-generated Silver Surfer, which
will be true to the Marvel Comics character beloved by fans worldwide.
Weta developed an advanced CG process to bring added dimensionality
to the character. Doug Jones provided character and movement
references for the digital wizards at Weta.
The
Silver Surfer joins the returning family of superheroes from
the Marvel Comics universe, including Ioan Gruffudd as Reed
Richards, who can stretch and contort his body into any shape
he can imagine and, as the group's leader, is known as Mister
Fantastic; Jessica Alba as Sue Storm, who is able to render
herself invisible and to create and project powerful force
fields as Invisible Woman; Chris Evans as Johnny Storm, known
as The Human Torch, who can engulf his body in flames and take
flight at will; and Michael Chiklis as Ben Grimm, whose freakish
transmutation into a rock-like, superhumanly strong creature
led him to be called The Thing. Julian McMahon reprises his "Fantastic
Four" role as the Four's steely-eyed, iron-fisted nemesis,
Dr. Doom. Kerry Washington is back as Ben's love interest, the
blind sculptress Alicia Masters.
Recent
Emmy®-winner Andre Braugher joins the cast as General
Hager, a tough Army official who seeks the Four's help in combating
a global menace, and Beau Garrett, who appeared in Fox Atomic's
debut film "Turistas," plays the general's aide, Captain
Raye. And Oscar-nominee Laurence Fishburne, whose many credits
include "The Matrix" and "Mystic River," voices
the Silver Surfer.
"Fantastic Four" helmer Tim Story returns, along with
producers Ralph Winter, Avi Arad and Bernd Eichinger. The screenplay
is by four-time Emmy winner Don Payne, a co-executive producer
on "The Simpsons," and noted author and screenwriter
Mark Frost, who co-scripted "Fantastic Four."
Academy
Award-winning visual effects supervisor Scott Squires, who
worked closely with Weta in creating the Silver Surfer, also
supervised many of the film's other state-of-the-art effects,
including enhanced powers for the Four; mile-long, perfectly-smooth
craters -- the handiwork of the Surfer; and the creation of
Galactus (also known as The World Destroyer), another character
long-known to comics fans as a being of incredible power and
scale. "It
was a delicate balance meeting the comics fans' expectations
for the look of Galactus, and making him truly spectacular and
cinematic to those not familiar with the character," says
Squires.
In 2005, movie audiences worldwide were introduced to the Fantastic
Four, the fabulous quartet of superheroes that have captivated
comic book readers since their 1961 debut in Marvel Comics' Fantastic
Four #1, created by Marvel legends Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. Headquartered
in the world famous Baxter Building in New York City, the Fantastic
Four are dedicated to the betterment of the world through scientific
discovery and defense against evil.
With FANTASTIC FOUR: RISE OF THE SILVER SURFER, the filmmakers
are able to expand the scope of the first film and introduce
new characters, and new adventures, for the world's premiere
superhero team.
Director
Tim Story explains: "We've got
a new character coming to the scene, the Silver Surfer, who
is one of the coolest comic book characters of all time. So
we've upped the ante with bigger stunts, more action, and more
CGI characters and situations.
With
the origin story firmly established, FANTASTIC FOUR: RISE OF
THE SILVER SURFER screenwriter Don Payne, a lifelong fan of
the Fantastic Four comics, set out to take the next step with
the series. "I wanted this movie to be the rare sequel that's
better than the original -- with more excitement, more drama,
more humor, more action," Payne says. "I also really
wanted to explore where the characters are at this point in their
lives. They're much better off financially, but they're dealing
with the downside of celebrity. Sue and Reed are moving on and
trying to get married. Ben and Alicia are enjoying being a happy
couple, while Johnny's got his own issues. So there are exciting
things happening with characters and relationships. But most
of all, I'm excited about the dimension added by the Silver Surfer."
FANTASTIC
FOUR: RISE OF THE SILVER SURFER draws from an amalgamation
of storylines from the Fantastic Four comic books, as well
as new story developments and characters. "The movie draws
from the first appearance of the Silver Surfer in Fantastic Four
#48-50," says Payne. "But we're also using story elements
from Fantastic Four #57-60, where the Silver Surfer encounters
Dr. Doom. There are a couple of moments inspired by the recent
Ultimate Extinction series as well."
The
film's main centerpiece from which the story unfolds is the
sensational "Wedding of the Century." Familiar
to generations of comic book fans, the wedding between Reed Richards
and Sue Storm, first depicted in Fantastic Four King Size Annual
#3 in 1965, is the comic world's equivalent to the historic wedding
of Prince Charles and Lady Di.
But wedding plans ultimately go awry with the introduction of
the Silver Surfer, when mysterious and destructive anomalies
start appearing across the Earth and the Fantastic Four are called
into action.
The
Silver Surfer, the "Sky-Rider of the Spaceways," made
his debut on the pages of Fantastic Four #48 in 1966. Created
by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby at the early stages of the 1960s counterculture
explosion, the Silver Surfer soon became a mainstay of Marvel
Comics, appearing regularly in the pages of the Fantastic Four,
and eventually launching his own self-titled series.
The Silver Surfer, whose real name is Norrin Radd, is revered
as one of the noblest and most tormented cosmic entities in the
Marvel Universe. With his cosmic-powered board, he can absorb
and manipulate the universe's ambient cosmic energies.
"I think the appeal of the Silver Surfer is that he's a
complex, tragic character," says Don Payne. "He's got
a Zen-like detachment from the world, but he still feels compassion.
He's heroic, having basically sacrificed his own life to serve
Galactus in order to save his planet and the woman he loved.
However, in doing so, he's also bringing about the destruction
of other worlds and species -- so there's a real moral ambiguity
to him. He looks at the world and humanity through an outsider's
perspective, which people find fascinating."
"We try to stay as close as possible to the Silver Surfer
from the pages of the comic book," Tim Story adds. "Technically,
what's been great about this experience with the Surfer is, because
he's a CGI character, we're able to create him from scratch,
meaning I can sculpt him to look exactly like the comic book
character. Our Silver Surfer is the Surfer we all know and love.
So I think the fans and everyone who's familiar with this character
will appreciate that he's going to be living and breathing exactly
how they've always known him to be."
"Fantastic Four" saw the apparent demise of the Four's
arch-villain, the tyrant Victor Von Doom, who was encased in
a shipping container and exported back to his fictional home
country of Latveria. "It's a fantasy movie so characters
can come and go, and die and resurrect," Ralph Winter explains
about Doom's return. "Doom has figured out how to come back.
He'll be interacting with everyone; still making eyeballs at
Sue, still trying to denigrate Reed and thinking that he's better
than Surfer. He's going to try and grab everything he can for
himself."
"For the first time Victor and the Fantastic Four must
actually work together to achieve a specific goal," says
Tim Story. "At the end of the day we'll see that you can
never trust Victor Von Doom. He always has an ulterior motive."
The
plot and backdrop of FANTASTIC FOUR: RISE OF THE SILVER SURFER
also reflect the global scope of the Fantastic Four. Whereas
the first film was set entirely in the Fantastic Four's home
base of New York City, the follow-up takes place on the international
stage. Screenwriter Don Payne explains: "It's significant
because the Fantastic Four are facing a global threat -- not
just a threat to themselves or New York, but to the entire world. "We're
painting on a much larger canvas."
"A lot of the comic book movies that have come out are
set in one city, one place," notes Tim Story. "The
whole thing about this series is that the Fantastic Four travels.
They're more explorers and travelers than they are superheroes
to a certain extent. They're going to Shanghai, and all over
Europe. It's just one of the coolest things about this comic
book that we fully wanted to take advantage of because I think
it will set our movie apart from most.
"It's always very exciting to revisit a character because
you've had a chance to play him in the past," says Welsh
actor Ioan Gruffudd about his portrayal of the Fantastic Four's
leader, Reed Richards, widely acknowledged as the smartest man
in the world. "I've evolved a little bit over the last two
years and grown older, so Reed Richards has evolved and has much
more confidence and is much more in control. He's much more of
a leader this time. He's happy in his position as being the leader
of the Fantastic Four."
For
Jessica Alba, who reprises her role as Sue Storm, the Invisible
Woman, doing this movie was more fulfilling than the first. "In
the first film I was trying to figure it out and stay as close
to the comic book as possible," she says. "Now I already
know the character so I have a lot more freedom. Ioan, Chris,
Chikie (Michael Chiklis) and I have all played these characters
before so we're all really comfortable with them, and it gives
us an opportunity to discover new things about each other's characters
and ourselves."
Chris
Evans, who plays Johnny Storm, the Human Torch, was thrilled
to return to the character with much more knowledge about what
makes him tick. "It's a real treat as an actor, because
you feel like you've not only spent some time in the guy's skin,
but you've been lucky enough to see what works and what translated," Evans
relates.
While
Johnny is the adventurous daredevil and biggest showoff of
the team, the filmmakers decided to imbue his character with
a little romance in this film. "They want Johnny to be a
bit more ready for romance this time," Evans says. "Because
of Reed and Sue's wedding, and Ben and Alicia's relationship,
it's a nice story arc for Johnny to all of a sudden feel lonely.
Though he discovers it's more about realizing that the people
in your life that you are lucky enough to love and be loved in
return are truly valuable and shouldn't be taken for granted."
Michael
Chiklis, an Emmy® and Golden Globe® winner for
his work on the series "The Shield," returns as Ben
Grimm, The Thing, whose body was transformed into orange-colored
rock by the cosmic bombardment in the first film's origin story.
Chiklis says that his character is still a curmudgeon this time
around. "I think anybody living in that skin would be a
little cranky," he says. "But I guess that he's over
the initial shock and has moved on to a degree. Now he's into
the day-to-day business of helping save the world."
The
spirit of relationships pervades the Fantastic Four in this
film, and that even goes for a giant man made of rock. Ben
Grimm continues his relationship with the blind sculptress
Alicia Masters, played by Kerry Washington, which began in
the first "Fantastic
Four." "I look at Ben Grimm as really the heart and
soul of the Fantastic Four," says Chiklis. "He's the
strongest, but he's a gentle giant. And he gets really all mushy
inside. And the idea of him having a love interest with Alicia
actually makes the role much more satisfying. He's not just sort
of a grumpy curmudgeon who's a one-line joke all the time. He
has a heart and a soul and it's the thing that makes you love
The Thing."
Julian
McMahon, currently starring on the FX series "Nip/Tuck," reprises
his role as the Fantastic Four's archrival, Victor Von Doom,
aka Dr. Doom. Initially an ally and benefactor to the Fantastic
Four, due to his evil pursuit of power and world domination,
he ultimately becomes their chief adversary.
At
the end of the first "Fantastic Four," Dr. Doom
was encased, locked away and shipped off to his home country
of Latveria. "He sat in a tomb for a long time and he's
pretty upset," McMahon prefaces about Doom's inevitable
return. "He's a little bitter and determined to get back
at the Fantastic Four, which is what he sets about doing at the
beginning of the movie."
Reprising
her role of Alicia Masters from the first "Fantastic
Four" is Kerry Washington, who recently co-starred with
Forest Whitaker in the acclaimed film "The Last King of
Scotland." Alicia Masters is a blind sculptor whose handicap
allows her to see Ben Grimm for the man he is inside, not the
hulking rock creature the rest of the world sees. "Alicia
is very intuitive and insightful, and has wisdom beyond her years
because of the blindness and how it's affected her life," Washington
explains.
A new addition to the ensemble is recent Emmy winner, Andre
Braugher, who plays General Hager, a no-nonsense career soldier
who is the U.S. government's point man on investigating and capturing
the Silver Surfer.
Braugher,
a longtime fan of the Fantastic Four comics, was pleased to
join their world onscreen. "I remember
very clearly when the first Fantastic Four comic book came
out, and the introduction of all these characters, as well
as the Silver Surfer and Galactus. So it's really rewarding
to be in this film. The chance to jump out of a helicopter,
the tank work, and the rocket launchings are all a lot of fun.
I think if you're going to be in a comic book movie you ought
to do some fun stuff."
Marvel
Comics legend and creator of the Fantastic Four, Stan Lee,
makes a now customary appearance in FANTASTIC FOUR: RISE OF
THE SILVER SURFER during Reed & Sue's "Wedding of
the Century." In an homage to the final frame from Fantastic
Four Special King Size Annual #3 from 1965, the wedding of Sue
and Reed issue, Lee appears as himself as a party crasher to
the wedding. However, he's not on the list and is asked to leave.
In the first "Fantastic Four," Lee had a cameo as the
Baxter Building mailman.
With
enduring characters and a global scope, the filmmakers hope
that both fans and non-fans will embrace the film. "I
think the film is relevant in the sense that the Four are dealing
with a global threat," says screenwriter Don Payne. "But
the movie is really dealing with timeless issues of family and
sacrifice. It takes a noble individual to stand up and make sacrifices
for the good of humanity. There's also more action, more excitement,
more focus on the characters' relationships. You want to keep
it family-friendly, but you never want to dumb it down. It has
to be a large-scale adventure, with just the right mix of action,
drama, humor, and amazing visual effects.
According
to producer Ralph Winter, accessibility is the key to the Fantastic
Four's endurance and popularity with worldwide fans. "They're a little lighter in tone," he says. "You
can see the sort of natural connection and squabbling that happens
in a family. They have real-world problems like we do. They can't
hide their powers, the way mutants in X-Men movies can hide or
change. These guys don't; they're right out there. It makes it
a little more fun for everyone."
INDEX
INTRO:
Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer
THE SILVER SURFER
THE FANTASTICAR
ABOUT THE PRODUCTION
THE SILVER SURFER
Created by writer Stan Lee and artist/co-writer Jack Kirby,
the Silver Surfer first appeared in the comic book The Fantastic
Four #48 (March 1966). The Silver Surfer is a space-faring adventurer
and explorer who roams the cosmos on his cosmic-powered board
as the herald for Galactus, the devourer of worlds, searching
for new planets for Galactus to consume.
According
to Marvel Comics official history, the Silver Surfer wields
`the power cosmic,' absorbing and manipulating the universe's
ambient cosmic energies. He can augment his strength to incalculable
levels, and is almost totally indestructible. He can navigate
space, hyperspace and dimensional barriers, and can fly at
near-limitless speeds on his board, entering hyperspace when
he exceeds light speed. He has even proven capable of time
travel on occasion. The Surfer does not require food, drink,
air or sleep. He's sustained entirely by converting matter
into energy. He is immune to temperature extremes and most
radiation, and can survive in vacuum environments such as outer
space and hyperspace."
The
Surfer's board, his source of power, is composed of the same
impervious, cosmic-powered silvery material as its master's
skin and is mentally linked to the Surfer; it moves in response
to his thoughts, even when he is not in physical contact with
it. The board is almost totally indestructible, but on those
rare occasions where it has been damaged or destroyed, the
Surfer has been able to repair or even re-create it."
Actor
Doug Jones, who recently earned acclaim for his portrayal of
the mysterious villain the Pale Man in director Guillermo del
Toro's Oscar nominated "Pan's Labyrinth," was
brought in to provide the Silver Surfer's character and movement
references for the digital wizards at Weta. Laurence Fishburne
provides the voice of the Silver Surfer.
For several weeks before production, and during production itself,
Jones, a trained mime and contortionist, and his stunt double,
Dorian Kingi, worked closely with movement coach Terry Notary
on a variety of specially designed camera rigs and harnesses
to create the surfing-inspired movements of the Silver Surfer.
Notary,
who got his start as a gymnast and circus performer (he was
in the original cast of Cirque de Soleil's "Mystere"),
before branching out to movie work. He assisted Doug Jones in
recreating many of the Silver Surfer's movements and iconic positions.
While
the Silver Surfer interacts at times with all of the Fantastic
Four, he has the closest relationship with Sue, who is the
first one to discover that he may not be the planet-destroying
villain he's first made out to be. "The Silver Surfer is just this
amazing physical specimen," Alba says. "He's not only
this silver, sinewy, muscle-y guy, but he's also innocent. He's
very interesting because he's so misunderstood, and I love that
my character has a connection with him, because she's maternal
and has great feminine instincts. The boys are so raw and they're
ready to fight and pass judgment when they feel something is
threatening the universe, whereas Sue tries to look past the
situation and see something beyond the obvious. I think that's
something that's really cool about this movie and for my character."
"The Silver Surfer is the one thing I can't wait to see
in the film," Michael Chiklis enthuses. "It's a great
character, an old beloved Marvel character, and the look of him
in this film is incredible."
"The Silver Surfer is just an incredibly sexy character.
I think I'm envious of him," jokes Ioan Gruffudd. "The
name in itself is just particularly cool. And visually it's going
to be very exciting to see this character on film."
INDEX
INTRO:
Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer
THE SILVER SURFER
THE FANTASTICAR
ABOUT THE PRODUCTION
THE FANTASTICAR
As
important as the Baxter Building is to the Fantastic Four's
mythology, so is the Fantasticar, the flying transport vehicle
that originally debuted on the pages of Fantastic Four #3 in
1962, where it earned the nickname "the flying bathtub." However,
as technology has changed, the Fantasticar, too, has evolved
through many different versions in the past 40+ years up to its
current sleek and streamlined design.
The Fantasticar makes its feature film debut in FANTASTIC FOUR:
RISE OF THE SILVER SURFER. After Reed Richards unveils this latest
invention to the rest of the team in his high-tech Baxter Building
lab, they ultimately employ it in their global quest to prevent
the destruction of the Earth by Galactus. It becomes a key element
in a battle in the sky involving the Fantastic Four, Silver Surfer,
Doom and Galactus.
The
film's Fantasticar was designed by noted concept artist/illustrator/vehicle
designer Tim Flattery (whose many credits include "Mission:
Impossible III," "Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's
Chest" and the upcoming "Transformers"), in collaboration
with Trevor Creed at the Chrysler Group's design offices, FANTASTIC
FOUR: RISE OF THE SILVER SURFER director Tim Story and the film's
production designer, Kirk Petruccelli.
Fitting the Fantastic Four's unique needs, the Fantasticar is
a 20-foot long, 12-feet wide, hybrid, vertical take-off/landing
craft combining electric-powered fan lift and jet turbine thrust
that yields maximum fuel efficiency. Designed by Reed Richards
and constructed out of a variety of high-temp composites, and
employing early computer-aided manufacturing techniques, the
vehicle is highly unorthodox, but air-worthy. The Fantasticar's
maximum level flight airspeed is 550 miles per hour with all
four members of the Fantastic Four on board. The maximum altitude
is 30,000 feet. The Fantasticar is capable of breaking away into
three separate vehicles, each powered and maneuverable on its
own, with deployable and articulating wings. Each section can
maintain the speed and performance of the whole craft.
While most of the work with the Fantasticar was shot on a green
screen stage in Vancouver, the vehicle itself was placed on a
highly maneuverable platform and with the fans blowing and the
car rocking and pivoting it provided a very real flying scenario
for the actors.
"The Fantasticar is amazing," Jessica Alba enthuses. "They
took this car to such a new level -- it really looks futuristic
and totally cool. A highlight for me is definitely going to be
to see all those scenes put together."
INDEX
INTRO:
Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer
THE SILVER SURFER
THE FANTASTICAR
ABOUT THE PRODUCTION
ABOUT THE PRODUCTION
With
the script and cast in place, the producers set up the production
offices at Vancouver Film Studios just east of downtown Vancouver.
Many of the filmmakers who were part of the first "Fantastic
Four" and the "X-Men" films, all Vancouver-based,
returned to lend their respective talents to the mammoth production
of FANTASTIC FOUR: RISE OF THE SILVER SURFER.
To capture many of the world's iconic monuments and attractions,
a second unit crew traveled all over to shoot exterior establishing
shots, in cities such as London, New York and Shanghai.
Assistant
director and co-producer Lee Cleary, who has worked on all
the "X-Men" films and the first "Fantastic
Four" explains the pre-production process: "The key
to prepping a film is locations," he says. "In this
particular movie we're covering several continents. We're in
New York, Shanghai, Tokyo and London, among others. And when
you have one central geographic location like Vancouver that
has to represent so many different countries and continents,
it requires extensive location scouts."
The exterior of the Baxter Building was once again filmed at
the Marine Building, Vancouver's -- and one of the world's --
finest examples of art deco architecture, located near the waterfront
in the center of downtown Vancouver's financial core.
The
rooftop of the Metro Parkade, a seven-level parking structure
in downtown Vancouver, was the site of "The Wedding of the
Century," between Reed Richards and Sue Storm. True to its
comic book roots, this long-awaited ceremony goes awry with the
appearance of the Silver Surfer. Johnny's pursuit of the Surfer
leads to some of the film's most memorable action sequences.
For one week of filming, the cast and crew relocated to the
Lower Seymour Conservation Reserve in North Vancouver, which
serves as the Black Forest where the Fantastic Four seek out
and encounter the Silver Surfer with the use of Reed's sensors.
The 5,668-hectare reserve contains spectacular and diverse landscapes,
replete with alpine meadows, forested slopes, and river flood
plains, which provided the FANTASTIC FOUR: RISE OF THE SILVER
SURFER filmmakers with a dynamic backdrop for the Black Forest
sequences.
In
addition to weeks of location filming, weeks of stage work
were completed at both Vancouver Film Studios and at nearby
Mammoth Studios in the suburb of Burnaby, at the same facilities
utilized for "Fantastic Four," "X2" and "X-Men:
The Last Stand."
At Mammoth Studios, an appropriately named warehouse-sized studio
in Burnaby, production designer Kirk Petruccelli and his talented
team of art directors, set decorators, set designers, and related
crew designed and erected Reed Richard's hi-tech lab, as well
as the interior of an Arctic military base where the Silver Surfer
is contained.
Reed's lab, built at Mammoth's Stage 1, is a 6,100 square foot
set comprised of numerous spaces for the brilliant scientist
to conduct his work, including a Cosmic Sensor Room, Life Sciences,
Rocket Science, Supercomputer room, the Fantasticar room, conference
room, and the grand circular control panel room complete with
a 48-foot by 12-foot HD LCD screen.
FANTASTIC FOUR: RISE OF THE SILVER SURFER's second unit crew
filmed for over 40 days, on both various locations and lots of
green screen work. The unit handled much of the Silver Surfer/Johnny
Storm chase sequences.
For the flying chase sequence, additional filming took place
all over the world, from Washington DC's iconic monuments, to
the New York's city skyline and Holland Tunnel, to London and
China.
In
the two years since The Thing's last film appearance in 2005's "Fantastic
Four," Spectral Motion Inc., a leading creature effects
shop based in Glendale, California, and owned by award-winning
effects artist Mike Elizalde, has made significant improvements
and changes in the look and technology of The Thing's prosthetics
and costume, worn by actor Michael Chiklis.
For on-set key prosthetics artist Bart Mixon, who worked closely
with Chiklis on the first film, the daily process of applying
The Thing's headpiece and body suit was streamlined to ninety
minutes in the second film, far less time than on the first film.
The Thing's headpiece now features a larger brow -- something
requested by diehard Fantastic Four fans -- and more rock appliances
and articulation in the overall costume to add to its believability
as a rock creature.
INDEX
INTRO:
Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer
THE SILVER SURFER
THE FANTASTICAR
ABOUT THE PRODUCTION |